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Your body cells grow and multiply in an orderly process, known as cell division, that results in the development of new cells that your body needs. Cancer is a disease in which some of the body cells grow abnormally and spread to other parts of the body. Cancer can start in any part of the body. Cancerous cells may form tumors, which are lumps of tissue. Cancerous tumors are known as malignant, while non-cancerous cells are known as benign. Cancerous tissues spread into or invade nearby tissues that can travel to distant places to form new tumors. On the other hand, benign tumors do not spread to other body parts. When removed, benign tumors generally do not grow back. These can be quite large but are generally non-life-threatening. However, some benign tumors, such as tumors in the brain, can be life-threatening.
A cancer that spreads from the places where it is formed is known as metastatic cancer. For example, breast cancer that forms a metastatic tumor in the lungs is a metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer.
Some of the common types of cancers include:
Carcinoma
The cancer is found in the epithelial tissues that cover the surface of organs, body structures, and glands. It’s the most common type of cancer. Cancer of the lining of the stomach is an example of carcinoma cancer.
Different categories of carcinoma cancers include:
- Melanoma
- Squamous cell skin cancer
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Merkel cell carcinoma
Sarcoma
This cancer occurs when a malignant tumor grows from the connective tissues, such as muscles and tendons. It usually occurs in young adults. Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer. Types of sarcoma include:
- Soft tissue sarcoma
- Osteosarcoma
- Chondrosarcoma
- Ewing’s sarcoma
Lymphoma
This type of cancer originates in the nodes or glands of the lymphatic system. It occurs in lymphocytes that consist of T cells and B cells. These disease-fighting white blood cells are part of the immune system.
Type of lymphoma include:
- Cutaneous lymphoma
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Leukemia
Also known as blood cancer, it begins in the bone marrow that keeps it from producing normal red and white cells, and platelets. Red blood cells are needed for preventing anemia, while cells are needed to resist infection, while platelets keep the body from easy bruising and bleeding.
Types of leukemia include:
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Chronic lymphocyte leukemia
Myeloma
This type of cancer starts in plasma cells which are made in the bone marrow. Plasma cells produce antibodies, called immunoglobulins. Cancerous plasma cells become abnormal and make a type of antibody that doesn’t work efficiently to fight infection.
Brain and spinal cord cancers
The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system (CNS). Brain is made of neurons and special connective tissues called glial cells that support nerve cells. The most common type of brain cancer develops from glial cells, known as glioma.
Other types of cancers include germ cell tumors, neuroendocrine tumors, and carcinoid tumors. Cancer is often diagnosed with screening tests that include mammography, colonoscopy, and Pap test. A biopsy or the removal of a small amount of tissue may be required in some cases to diagnose cancer. Cancer can be treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, bone marrow transplant, hormone therapy, and targeted drug therapy.
Getting a custom health insurance plan
However, all these cancer treatments could be quite expensive and it may be quite difficult for your employees to afford the costs of their chronic and long-term diseases, like cancer. You can help lower the costs of cancer treatments for your employees by providing them with a health insurance plan. But you may not know the best plan that would suit you. Here, the experts of PrudentRx program can help in devising the best insurance plan for your employees. The experts will ensure that your employees have the maximum coverage from the PrudentRx drug list. The experts will also help you with CVS copay optimization, and also reduce your other out-of-pocket expenses. PrudentRx FAQs are a rich source of information where you will get answers to most of your questions.